Which disputes are typically resolved under civil law?

• A. Criminal offenses and punishments.
• B. Statutory interpretation disputes.
• C. Child custody disputes, landlord-tenant disputes, and property boundary disputes.
• D. Constitutional rights violations.

Answer: (C)

Civil law focuses on private disputes between individuals or organizations over rights and obligations, with remedies like damages or injunctions rather than punishment. Child custody, landlord-tenant, and property boundary issues are classic examples because they involve the private rights and duties of people in everyday life, and the court provides solutions such as custody arrangements, lease remedies, or boundary determinations.

Criminal offenses and punishments are handled under criminal law, because they involve offenses against the state or society and carry penalties like imprisonment or fines. Statutory interpretation disputes deal with how laws should be read, which is a matter of applying or interpreting statutes rather than resolving private rights between parties. Constitutional rights violations typically fall under constitutional or civil rights law. So the disputes listed that involve private relationships and remedies are the civil-law type.